Population structure of the barnacle, Semibalanus balanoides (Cirripedia, Thoracica), across intertidal environmental stress gradients in northern Nova Scotia, Canada
Bibliographic record
Abstract
We describe spatial trends in population structure of the barnacle, Semibalanus balanoides, across gradients of environmental stress on the Gulf of St. Lawrence coast of Nova Scotia, Canada. In the early summer of 2006, we examined vertical gradients of intertidal elevation and horizontal gradients of exposure to wave action and winter ice scour. Recruits were considerably less abundant than adults at all sites, suggesting a high post-recruitment mortality. Although adult barnacles seemed less abundant in areas subjected to strong winter ice scour than in sheltered areas, such a trend lacked statistical support. Adult barnacles were more abundant at high elevations than at low elevations, possibly as a result of vertical differences in the intensity of competition and predation. Size structure was better developed at the high intertidal zone than at the low intertidal zone, with larger organisms occurring at high elevations. In general, it appears as though biotic interactions at the low intertidal zone may play a greater role than abiotic factors at the high intertidal zone in determining the population structure of S. balanoides, although field experimentation will be necessary to confirm this notion. Describimos tendencias espaciales en la estructura poblacional del balano Semibalanus balanoides a traves de gradientes de estres ambiental en la costa del golfo de San Lorenzo en Nova Scotia, Canada. En el verano temprano de 2006, examinamos gradientes verticales de elevacion intermareal y gradientes horizontales de exposicion al oleaje y al raspado por hielo marino invernal. Los reclutas fueron considerablemente mas abundantes que los adultos en todos los sitios, sugiriendo una alta mortalidad luego del reclutamiento. Aunque los balanos adultos parecian ser menos numerosos en areas sujetas a un raspado intenso por hielo marino invernal que en areas protegidas, tal tendencia no mostro un sustento estadistico. Los balanos adultos fueron mas numerosos en el intermareal superior que en el inferior, posiblemente como resultado de diferencias verticales en la intensidad de la competencia y predacion. La estructura de tamanos estuvo mejor desarrollada en el intermareal superior que en el inferior, con organismos mas grandes ocurriendo en el alto intermareal. En general, parece que las interacciones bioticas fueran mas importantes en el intermareal inferior que los factores abioticos en el intermareal superior en la determinacion de la estructura poblacional de S. balanoides, aunque experimentos de campo seran necesarios para confirmar esta nocion.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".