Referendums Around the World: The Continued Growth of Direct DemocracyQvortrup, Matt (ed.) Basingstoke, Palgrave Macmillan (2014), 306 p., ISBN 978‐0‐230‐36175‐1
Bibliographic record
Abstract
typology for the empirical analysis and its relevance for the metropolitanisation thesis, this conceptual lack further weakens the overall argument.To conclude, this book marks an important step towards the systematic investigation of the links between urban politics and political behaviour.Applying a systematic crossnational comparison of the consequences of metropolitanisation, it illuminates the re-territorialisation of political behaviour in a globalised world.However, the theoretical framework of the metropolitanisation thesis remains underdeveloped and the mixed empirical evidence presented in the country chapters is insufficient to show that national voting has really been replaced by voting based on more subtle features of people's geographical location in a metropolis.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.004 | 0.004 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.006 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.003 | 0.011 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.020 | 0.019 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.010 |
| Research integrity | 0.004 | 0.006 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.018 | 0.004 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".