Preventing Malnutrition in Children under Two (PM2A): A Case Study in the Food Insecure Context of South Sudan
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Prevention of malnutrition for children under two (PM2A) is a new approach being used by the United States Agency for International Development (USAID). Since 2010, PM2A has been adopted on a widespread basis in food assistance programs with the aim of preventing chronic malnutrition (stunting) in non-emergency settings. This case study uses mixed methods to document household food sources, insecurity and ration receipt within the context of a multi-year health and nutrition program implemented in South Sudan. Evidence from the program, which included a PM2A component in addition to health, empowerment and household agricultural interventions, indicates that household food security remained poor despite ration receipt. While PM2A is a relatively new strategy and efforts are under way to evaluate outcomes, more evidence is needed to determine the appropriateness of the PM2A approach in highly food insecure contexts and to establish the range of contexts in which PM2A is a choice approach for food assistance programs.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".