Mathematical models of subcutaneous injection of insulin analogues: A mini-review
Why this work is in the frame
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
In the last three decades, several models relevant to the subcutaneous injection of insulin analogues have appeared in the literature. Most of them model the absorption of insulin analogues in the injection depot and then compute the plasma insulin concentration. The most recent systemic models directly simulate the plasma insulin dynamics. These models have been and/or can be applied to the technology of the insulin pump or to the coming closed-loop systems, also known as the artificial pancreas. In this paper, we selectively review these models in detail and at point out that these models provide key building blocks for some important endeavors into physiological questions of insulin secretion and action. For example, it is not clear at this time whether or not picomolar doses of insulin are found near the islets and there is no experimental method to assess this in vivo. This is of interest because picomolar concentrations of insulin have been found to be effective at blocking beta-cell death and increasing beta-cell growth in recent cell culture experiments.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it