Effect of blend layer morphology on performance of ZnPc:C60-based photovoltaic cells
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Zinc phthalocyanine (ZnPc): fullerene-C60 (C60)-based organic photovoltaic (OPV) with high power conversion efficiency (PCE) are fabricated. Homogeneously distributed grains of ∼40–50 nm are observed for the ZnPc:C60 blend layer deposited on bare indium-tin oxide (ITO) substrates. In contrast, the blend layer form grains of smaller lateral extensions (∼20–30 nm) on 3, 4-polyethylenedioxythiophene: polystyrenesulfonate modified ITO substrates. OPV fabricated on the former substrates show PCE of up to 3.9% that is about twice the PCE (1.9%) obtained for the devices on the latter substrates. This effect can be explained by better transport properties and reduced charge recombination of the blend layer on the bare ITO.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".