Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Published data indicate that exercise in COPD is more often limited by leg effort than breathlessness. This casts some doubt on the classical belief that inability to ventilate limits exercise performance. In fact, symptoms limiting exercise appear to be essentially the same in COPD and in health or congestive heart failure, where exercise is limited by inadequate energy supply to locomotor muscles. In COPD, impaired O<sub>2</sub> delivery to locomotor muscles is suggested by: (1) the O<sub>2</sub> cost (&#118;&#775;<sub>O2</sub>) of breathing may be ∼50% of whole body &#118;&#775;<sub>O2</sub>; (2) decreasing the work of breathing improves performance and &#118;&#775;<sub>O2</sub> of locomotor muscles, and (3) locomotor muscle &#118;&#775;<sub>O2</sub> is greater when it is the only muscle exercising than during whole body exercise. Excessive expiratory pressures when expiratory flow is limited may lead to decreased venous return and contribute importantly to exercise limitation.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it