Factors Affecting the Timing of Movements to Hibernation Sites by Western Toads (Anaxyrus boreas)
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Toads in northern climates may spend seven months or more in hibernation; therefore, behavioral decisions related to hibernation are important for survival. We examined factors influencing the timing and nature of movements to hibernation sites by western toads (Anaxyrus boreas, formerly Bufo boreas) at three study areas in north-central Alberta, Canada, with the use of radiotracking. We found that small toads arrived at the general vicinity of their hibernation sites earlier than larger toads. Entry date into hibernation sites was similar for toads of all sizes. Arrival and entry dates were both significantly related to temperature and/or day length. Larger toads moved to hibernation sites later in the year and moved along straighter paths to reach these sites. We propose that larger toads are older individuals that are familiar with their landscape and locations of suitable hibernacula and that they maximize their fitness by remaining at good foraging grounds as late in the year as possible.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".