Bibliographic record
Abstract
BC Gas Utility operates a natural gas transmission pipeline that serves the Okanagan Valley and Kootenay regions of British Columbia and a population of approximately 100,000. The pipeline runs from Kingsvale to Oliver and crosses the Similkameen River at Keremeos. During an over flight inspection (September 20, 1999), the pipeline was observed to be exposed in the river. Subsequent on-ground inspection revealed that the pipe had been exposed, was suspended up to 600 mm above the bottom of the river and had sustained damage to both the concrete and to the underlining PE coatings. Efforts to repair the pipeline insitu or replace it under emergency procedures were not successful and it was decided to implement a temporary repair prior to the upcoming spring runoff to protect the pipeline from further mechanical damage while the regulatory agencies approved a more permanent repair. Obtaining permission to install temporary protection proved to be very difficult and time consuming and it was approximately three months before the temporary protection could be constructed. Securing approval for the permanent repair was even more time consuming and problematic and it was another 6 months (September, 2000) before those approvals were secured. This paper presents the process that BC Gas went through to identify the problem, identify repair options and secure approvals for the repair.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.006 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.005 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.012 | 0.003 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".