Mountain Cartography at the Cartographic Institute of Catalonia
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The strategic position of Catalonia in the Mediterranean region, straddling the route between central Europe and Africa, propelled the development of cartography from the Middle Ages onward. Because the territory is rugged, detailed mountain maps are an important part of the Catalonian cartographic legacy. The Cartoteca de Catalunya - the Catalan map library - has nice examples of old maps centred in mountain areas. Today, advanced technologies are being implemented by the Institut Cartogr fic de Catalunya to generate a wide range of cartographic products, including mountain maps. These old maps and the current cartographic products, preserved or produced at the Institut Cartogr fic de Catalunya, contribute interesting examples of mountain cartography to be offered in a publication focused on this topic. This paper is divided in two parts. The first - after a brief introduction describing the Catalan relief in order to locate the mountain areas in the territory - gives a historical overview of cartography in Catalonia, showing some examples of old maps. This overview is included in the context of mountain cartography because a large number of maps of Catalonia produced during the last two centuries were centred in mountain areas. This overview helps to explain the evolution of some mountain maps until the current production at the Institut Cartogr fic de Catalunya, which comprises the second part of the paper. Moreover, the thematic products related to mountain cartography - some series that include a large number of sheets of mountainous areas - will be also included in the paper. The paper is focused more on the presentation of mountain cartographic products than on a detailed description of the processes or the problems encountered in the production of each product. More detailed information about some of the products can be found on the Internet at http://www.icc.es.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.007 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.033 | 0.015 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".