Synthesis of Enzyme-Degradable, Peptide-Cross-Linked Dextran Hydrogels
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Hydrogels derived from synthetic polymers have been previously engineered to degrade under the activity of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs). It is believed that these systems can act as extracellular-matrix (ECM) equivalents mimicking the degradation and remodeling of the ECM through the activity of cell-secreted enzymes. In this study, MMP-sensitive hydrogels derived from dextran were developed. In order to avoid the incorporation of hydrolyzable esters often introduced in dextran modification strategies, the polysaccharide was modified with p-maleimidophenyl isocyanate (PMPI) thereby introducing maleimide functionalities in the backbone and resulting in dextran derivatized with p-maleimidophenyl isocyanate (Dex-PMPI). This strategy was favored to separate out the effects of random hydrolysis and enzymatic digestion in the degradation of the dextran hydrogels. A peptide cross-linker, derived from collagen and susceptible to gelatinase A (MMP-2) digestion, was synthesized with bifunctional cysteine termini and used to cross-link the Dex-PMPI. These hydrogels were found to be hydrolytically stable for more than 200 days yet degraded either within 30 h when exposed to bacterial collagenase or within 16 days when exposed to human MMP-2, demonstrating enzymatic-mediated digestion of the peptide cross-links. Further modification of the cross-linked hydrogels with laminin-derived peptides enhanced cell adhesion and survival, demonstrating the potential of these materials for use in tissue engineering applications.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".