Phylogeny of the<i>Crepidula</i><i>plana</i>(Gastropoda: Calyptraeidae) cryptic species complex in North America
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The taxonomy of Crepidula species with flat white shells is particularly difficult. These animals from the east coast of North America have generally been classified as a single species, Crepidula plana Say, 1822. Based on allozyme and developmental data, however, Hoagland (K.E. Hoagland. 1984. Malacologia, 25: 607-628; K.E. Hoagland. 1986. Am. Malacol. Bull. 4: 173-183) concluded that two species of flat white-shelled Crepidula live along the east coast of the United States, but she did not apply any name to the second species. Herein I use molecular techniques to characterize populations of flat white-shelled Crepidula species from Texas, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and |Massachusetts, and describe their morphology and development. DNA-sequence data support the existence of three species. One species is readily distinguished on the basis of morphology and development, but the other two are very similar. To clarify the nomenclature of these species, I designate neotypes for C. plana Say, 1822 and Crepidula depressa Say, 1822, and describe Crepidula atrasolea sp.nov.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".