Cytotoxic T-Lymphocyte Antigen-4 +49G/A Polymorphism Is Associated with Increased Risk of Osteosarcoma
Bibliographic record
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen-4 (CTLA-4) is a potent immunoregulatory molecule that suppresses anti-tumor response by down-regulating T-cell activation. CTLA-4 gene +49G/A polymorphism (rs231775) has been reported to be associated with various cancers. OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study is to investigate the association between CTLA-4 gene +49G/A polymorphism and the susceptibility to osteosarcoma in the Chinese population. METHODS: The CTLA-4 variant +49G/A was detected by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism in 205 osteosarcoma cases and 216 age-matched healthy controls. Data were analyzed using the Chi-square test. RESULTS: Frequencies of the CTLA-4 +49AA genotype and the +49A allele were significantly increased in patients with osteosarcoma compared to healthy controls (OR 2.27, p=0.010, and OR 1.41, p=0.015). CONCLUSIONS: Our data suggest that the +49G/A polymorphism of CTLA-4 gene is associated with increased susceptibility to osteosarcoma.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".