A reinterpretation of the unusual barochromism of azulene
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The UV–vis spectra of azulene in methylcyclohexane and acetonitrile solution at room temperature have been measured as a function of applied pressure in the 0.1–600 MPa range. The solvatochromic shifts are normal, but the barochromic shifts are unusual (hypsochromic shift in the S1–S0 absorption bands vs. normal bathochromic shifts in its S2–S0 and S3–S0 absorption bands). An analytical relationship between the barochromic shift and the differences in the polarizabilities and dipole moments of the two radiatively coupled electronic states has been derived. The unusual barochromism of azulene has been reinterpreted in terms of differences in the polarizabilities of azulene in its ground and excited states and the dominance of dispersive interactions in barochromism.Key words: barochromism, solvatochromism, azulene, polarizability, dipole moment.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".