PEO Flocculation of Polystyrene-Core Poly(vinylphenol)-Shell Latex: An Example of Ideal Bridging
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) induced flocculation of polystyrene latex (PS) and polystyrene-core poly( p -vinylphenol)-shell (PS−PVPh) latexes were compared. PEO gave much more effective flocculation of the core−shell particles, and flocculation was observed over a much greater range of PEO concentrations. The core−shell particles were able to adsorb 6−7 times more PEO than comparable sized polystyrene latex. It is proposed that the efficient flocculation and the PEO high adsorption capacity of core−shell particles shows that adsorbed PEO molecules do not spread upon the poly(vinylphenol) surface. The polymer spreading model of Pelssers, Cohen Stuart, and Fleer was extended to account for the available surface area when an adsorbed flocculant molecule spreads on a surface. The revised model, coupled with conventional kinetic expressions for flocculation and polymer adsorption, gave good predictions of a wide variety of flocculation behaviors.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".