Dynamics of charge currents ballistically injected in GaAs by quantum interference
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The dynamics of charge currents ballistically injected in GaAs bulk and quantum wells are spatially and temporally resolved. The electrons and holes are injected with oppositely directed velocities without the use of accelerating fields by quantum interference between two photon absorption of a 200fs, 1430nm fundamental pulse and one photon absorption of the corresponding second harmonic pulse. The subsequent charge motion is followed with ∼200fs temporal and ∼1nm spatial resolution by using tightly focused optical differential transmission techniques that are dependent on the relative phase of the incident pump pulses. Initially, the electrons and holes ballistically separate by up to ∼20nm, and a space charge field forms, which decelerates the carriers. Within this ∼1ps regime, the momentum relaxes by electron-hole and phonon scatterings, and the space charge field restores the electrons and holes to a common position; on time scales long compared to 1ps, ambipolar diffusion and recombination complete the return of the system to equilibrium. A rigid shift (damped simple harmonic oscillator) model for the electron motion reproduces the key features in the data, and the procedure for extracting the spatiotemporal dynamics of the electrons is shown to be immune to energy relaxation effects and forgiving of nonlinear saturation.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".