Molecular characterization of hsp90 isoforms in colorectal cancer cells and its association with tumour progression
Why this work is in the frame
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
A key role of hsp90 in the activity of various oncogenic proteins and pathways is currently of intense interest. To clarify the molecular basis of biological behaviour of colorectal cancers we analysed the expression characteristics of hsp90 in cytosolic, nuclear and plasma membranous fractions of cancer cells. As determined by Western blot assay all hsp90 isoforms studied, alpha (84 kDa), beta (86 kDa) and hsp90N (75 kDa), were up-regulated and differentially expressed in various stages of colorectal carcinoma. The inducible hsp90alpha isoform is a component of invasive phenotype of cancer cells thus pointing to the importance of hsp90alpha for metastasis generation. The expression of hsp90beta is definitely higher in poorly-differentiated carcinomas than in well-differentiated cancers, suggesting an involvement of hsp90beta in the inhibition of cancer cell differentiation. Especially, the expression of cytosolic hsp90N isoform in malignant cells points to the possibility that induction or overexpression of hsp90N might be causally related to tumour formation. Hsp90N is the plasma-membrane-associated protein in poorly-differentiated colorectal cancers with metastasis. This suggests that the expression of hsp90N is elevated with progressive dedifferentiation often associated with advanced cancer stages. Hsp90 was exclusively localized in the invasive front in a majority of metastatic cancers as visualized by immunohistochemical study. Consistent with these facts, the frequent expression of hsp90alpha and hsp90N on the surface of colorectal cancer cells may enable hsp90 to act as a mediator of metastasis generation. The above results indicate more complex roles for hsp90 in colorectal tumourigenesis. In this way, the hsp90 would be at the crossroads of both signalling and cell migration events.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it