Cyclic Behavior and Liquefaction of Sand Using Disturbed State Concept
Bibliographic record
Abstract
A general constitutive modeling concept called the disturbed state concept (DSC) is developed in this research for the stress-strain and liquefaction behavior of saturated sands. The DSC model is a unified approach and allows hierarchical modeling for options like elastic and elastoplastic responses, microcracking, damage, and softening. The DSC model parameters for saturated Ottawa sand are evaluated using data from multiaxial tests. The model predictions are found to provide satisfactory correlations with the test results. The DSC model with the foregoing parameters is implemented in a nonlinear dynamic finite-element program (DSC-DYN2D). It is used to solve a typical boundary value problem—a shake table test—involving liquefaction behavior. Based on the results, it can be stated that the DSC model is capable of both characterizing the cyclic behavior of saturated sands and identification of liquefaction.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".