Coronary Sinus Lead Extraction
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Complications are reported more frequently with the implantation of coronary sinus (CS) than other types of leads, and attempts to extract CS leads may also be associated with increased risks. The authors have performed nonthoracotomy lead extraction (LE) since 1981 and maintained a detailed database. By November 2001, 796 leads had been removed from 401 patients. We undertook review of our CS-LE experience to evaluate prevalence, safety, and efficacy. Of 14 patients referred for CS-LE, 7 were treated in the last year. In six the lead had been placed in the CS intentionally, and in eight inadvertently. One recent patient treated with biventricular pacing was septic and died before LE was undertaken. In nine men and four women (mean age 66 years) had one each CS lead and a total of 34 LEs (2.6/patient). Four CS leads had been in place for < 6 months (mean 1.5 month), whereas nine had been in place for between 6 months and 27 years. Several LE methods were used, from simple traction to the use of intraluminal locking stylets and powered sheaths. Complete removal of all leads was achieved in all patients. CS-LE required a mean of 13 minutes, including 1.8 minutes of fluoroscopy. There were no serious complications during the procedures, and the mean hospital stay was 4 days.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".