Ab Initio Batch Emulsion RAFT Polymerization of Styrene Mediated by Poly(acrylic acid-<i>b</i>-styrene) Trithiocarbonate
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
We report an ab initio emulsion reversible addition−fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization of styrene using poly(acrylic acid- b -styrene) trithiocarbonate as surfactant and RAFT agent. The system is characteristic of high polymerization rate, controlled polymer molecular weight, and free of coagulum. Design of the amphiphilic RAFT agent is found to be critical for the success. Poly(acrylic acid) neutralization increased the colloidal stability but led to uncontrolled molecular weight development and broad molecular weight distribution, attributed to small size and thus large number of micelles resulting in continuous particle nucleation. Polystyrene with molecular weight up to 120 kg/mol and block styrene−butylacrylate copolymer with well-controlled molecular weight were readily synthesized with this method.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it