Chemical functionalization and modification of surface-bound cystamine–glycine monolayers on gold nanoparticles
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Herein, we report the synthesis, characterization, and post-functionalization of Au nanoparticles that have been surface-modified with glycine–cystamine (Gly-CSA) stabilizing groups. We show that Au monolayer protected clusters (MPCs) can be synthesized via the Brust–Schiffrin method using a Boc-Gly–CSA stabilizer, followed by efficient removal of the Boc protecting group with trifluoroacetic acid. The resulting Gly–CSA Au MPCs are characterized via UV–vis, TEM, and 1H NMR, and are stable in solution over long periods of time. Finally, we show that the Gly–CSA Au MPCs can be further functionalized with nearly stoichiometric yields using activated esters of stearic acid and a Bodipy dye derivative. Thus, this work provides an alternative, general approach for the modification of the surface chemistry of MPCs.Key words: gold nanoparticles, peptide stabilizers, dyes.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".