Pediatric Constraint-Induced Movement Therapy Is Associated With Increased Contralateral Cortical Activity on Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The mechanism behind constraint-induced movement therapy (constraint therapy) success is unknown. Study objectives were to evaluate cortical change after modified constraint therapy and explore a novel approach to quantify developmental disregard. Five participants underwent modified constraint therapy. Functional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and clinical measures were done pretreatment and posttreatment. Developmental disregard indices were calculated. Four participants showed clinical improvement posttreatment. Functional MRI laterality indices were variable pretreatment and exclusively contralateral among participants posttreatment. The disregard index range was -12.9 to 62.6 among participants. Disregard indices were correlated with change scores after treatment on the Pediatric Motor Activity Log amount of use domain (r = .93, P = .02), Assisting Hand Assessment (r = .93, P = .02), and grip strength (r = .92, P = .03). Study results suggest that a shift to or persistence of contralateral cortical activity for affected hand movement is important for constraint therapy mechanism of action; and developmental disregard may be a predictor of positive response to treatment.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".