Understanding the Effect of Kinetic and Mass Transport Processes in Cathode Agglomerates
Bibliographic record
Abstract
A 2D(1D) multi-scale membrane electrode assembly mathematical model is proposed to study the effect of micro-scale transport losses due to catalyst aggregation in the cathode catalyst layer of a fuel cell. In order to develop an analytical expression for micro-scale transport losses, previous agglomerate models assumed an oxygen reduction reaction order of one and neglected any proton transport effects. In this article, a numerical micro-scale spherical ionomer-filled agglomerate model is integrated with a two-dimensional membrane electrode assembly model in order to develop a flexible framework to study different charge, mass, and kinetic transport models that cannot generally be analyzed with an analytical formulation. Results show that there is a significant interplay between scales and that changes in micro-scale agglomerate properties can significantly affect agglomerate effectiveness and current density distributions in the catalyst layer while not significantly affecting overall cell performance. Using the proposed framework, the effects of: a) proton conductivity inside agglomerates, b) a non-equilibrium oxygen dissolution boundary condition, and c) electrochemical models with different oxygen reaction orders, are studied.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".