Steady-State Fluorescence Investigation of Pyrene-Labeled Poly(Acrylic Acid)s in Aqueous Solution and in the Presence of Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate
Why this work is in the frame
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
Commercial poly(acrylic acid) (PAA) samples with M v = 150 000 and 450 000 were labeled randomly with small amounts (2−3 mol %) of 1-pyrenylmethyl (MePy) groups. A sample of PAA ( M v = 450 000) labeled with 2 mol % MePy and modified with 2 mol % n -dodecyl (C 12 ) groups was also prepared. The photophysical properties of the polymers have been investigated by steady-state fluorescence spectroscopy. The ratio ( I E /I M ) of excimer-to-monomer emission intensities was used to determine the effect of changes in pH and addition of sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) on the solution properties of the labeled polymers in the absence and presence of salt (NaCl). Changes in polymer conformation in aqueous solution upon addition of base were revealed by the curve I E /I M vs pH that had an inflection point at pH 4.7, the p K a value of labeled PAA. The ratio I 1 / I 3 of the emission of MePy linked to PAA was monitored to obtain information on the micropolarity sensed by the pyrene label and how it is affected by external stimuli such as changes in pH and addition of surfactant. SDS interacts with labeled PAA in solution of pH 3 to form a polymer/SDS complex with a critical aggregation concentration (CAC) lower than the critical micelle concentration of SDS. The CAC values decrease further in the presence of NaCl but are not affected significantly by the molecular weight of the parent PAA or the grafted dodecyl along the PAA chain.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it