Radiomarking brood‐rearing mallard females: Implications for juvenile survival
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Radiotelemetry is frequently used to measure habitat use, movements, and survival in birds; presumably, outfitting adult females with radiotransmitters does not influence juvenile survival, but this critical assumption is rarely tested. We evaluated whether the timing or type of transmitter deployed on adult female mallards ( Anas platyrhynchos ) reduced duckling survival estimates in the Canadian Prairie Pothole Region, 1993–1995. The best‐approximating model suggests that, compared with 2 other trap–transmitter combinations, ducklings raised by mallard females trapped prior to nest initiation and outfitted with anchor–suture transmitters had poor survival. The 30‐day survival rate of ducklings raised by female mallards equipped with anchor–suture transmitters prior to nest initiation was lower than survival of ducklings attended by females equipped prior to nest initiation with abdominally implanted transmitters or females marked during late incubation with anchor–suture transmitters. Studies of reproductive success deploying anchor–suture transmitters on female waterfowl trapped prior to nest initiation may have biased results because of possible negative consequences to offspring survival. © 2012 The Wildlife Society.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".