Well Water Quality and Public Health Implications: the Case of Four Neighbourhoods of the City of Douala Cameroon
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This paper analyses the quality of well water and population susceptibility to cholera outbreaks with respect to income levels in some neighbourhoods of the city of Douala Cameroon. Well water quality is degraded by faecal coliforms, this enhances out breaks of diarrhoeal diseases (cholera). Generally, the population is dominated by the poor who cannot afford pipe borne water, they resort to contaminated wells. To verify population perceptions of poverty and susceptibility to cholera, one hundred questionnaires were administered. To determine the presence of faecal coliforms in well water, forty well water samples were collected from the neighbourhoods. The statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) was used to analyse the data while the water samples were subjected to microbiological analysis. The results show that, the presence of bacterial agents like vibrio cholerea, sucrose fermenting and non sucrose fermenting organisms in well water poses great health threats in the study area.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.004 | 0.002 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".