A comparison between force and position control strategies in myoelectric prostheses
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This work studies the simultaneous and proportional myoelectric force and position estimation of multiple degrees of freedom (DOFs) for unilateral transradial amputees. Two experiments were conducted to compare force and position control paradigms. In the first, a force experiment, subjects performed isometric contractions, while the force applied by the limb and EMG were recorded. In the second, a position experiment, dynamic contractions were permitted during which position of the limb and EMG were measured. Artificial neural networks (ANNs) were trained to estimate force/position from EMG of the contralateral limb during mirrored bilateral contractions. This study involved contractions with combined activations of three DOFs including wrist: flexion/extension, radial/ulnar deviation and forearm supination/pronation. For the given data set, while force estimation demonstrated high accuracy (R(2)=0.84±0.02), position estimation performance was relatively poor (R(2)=0.57±0.05). Two healthy subjects participated in this work.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.005 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".