Entry-Level PharmD Degree Programs in Canada: Some Facts and Stakeholder Opinions
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The face of pharmacy education in Canada is about to change radically with the initiation of the first entry-level PharmD (ELPD) degree program in the country. The University of Montreal is planning to replace its 4-year baccalaureate degree program in pharmacy with a 4-year ELPD degree program as its sole professional practice degree for pharmacy, starting as early as fall 2007. Laval University has announced similar intentions and expects to initiate a program as early as 2008. The Universities of Toronto, Alberta, and British Columbia are reported to have ELPD degree programs under consideration, while the remaining 4 faculties of pharmacy across Canada appear to have no immediate plans for conversion. As we move toward a potential nation-wide modification of our entry-to-licensure requirement, a summary of existing programs in Canada and the United States, a preview of some of the characteristics of the University of Montreal's ELPD degree program, and some stakeholder opinions about the merits of such a curriculum conversion are warranted.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.008 | 0.020 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.004 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.012 | 0.004 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.005 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.003 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.004 | 0.005 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.004 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".