Is early alcohol consumption related to adult alcohol use? Longitudinal analyses based on the Northern Sweden Cohort
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Delfabbro, P., & Hammarström, A. (2014). Is early alcohol consumption related to adult alcohol use? Longitudinal analyses based on the Northern Sweden Cohort. The International Journal Of Alcohol And Drug Research, 3(4), 227-233. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.7895/ijadr.v3i4.187Aim: This paper examines whether early alcohol consumption is related to adult alcohol consumption and self-reported health.Design: 1,083 people were tracked from the age of 16 years in 1981 to the age of 43, with 94% of the living respondents (n = 1,010) retained in the study.Setting: Data were drawn from the Northern Swedish Cohort study.Measures: Alcohol consumption at age 16 was the independent measure. Dependent measures included the level of alcohol consumption at age 43 years and self-reported health status. Socio-demographic control variables included parental relationship status, occupational status and employment, as well as the respondent’s smoking status and level of social alienation.Findings: Women who drank alcohol at greater amounts at age 16 were more likely to drink at a higher level at age 43. No relationship was found between male consumption at age 16 and health or alcohol consumption at age 43. Alcohol consumption at age 16 was not significantly related to self-reported health at age 43 after other background variables had been controlled.Conclusions: The results partially support previous research indicating an association between adolescent and longer-term adult drinking and health, but also highlight the importance of examining the role of socio-demographic factors as influential confounding variables.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.003 | 0.004 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".