Phenotypic and Genotypic Characterization of Purple Kernel Streak in White Food Corn
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Purple kernel streaking (PKS) in white food corn ( Zea mays L.) is characterized by the accumulation of purple‐pigmented streaks (anthocyanins) in an otherwise colorless pericarp. This paper is the first published report documenting PKS, the prevalence of the trait in commercial white food corn germplasm, and the genetics underlying it. Entries from the Early White Food Corn Performance Trials were grown in Ontario over a three‐year period and rated for incidence of PKS and days to flower. All commercial hybrids entered were genetically predisposed to PKS with severity varying across years and entries, and not consistently related to hybrid maturity. Quantitative trait locus (QTL) mapping was used to identify the genomic regions influencing PKS expression in an F 2:3 population derived from the cross of two white food corn inbred lines, SD79 and SD80. PKS exhibited significant genotype × year interaction. QTLs were identified for each year explaining 64 and 46% of the phenotypic variation, with only one single‐effect and one two‐way interaction common across the two years. Linkage of the main single‐effect QTL with the y1 gene, coupled with the G×E effects, may explain the prevalence of PKS in commercial white food corn hybrids.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".