Thermal Reversal of Polyvalent Choline Phosphate, a Multivalent Universal Biomembrane Adhesive
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Multivalent macromolecular associations are widely observed in biological systems and are increasingly being utilized in bioengineering, nanomedicine, and biomaterial applications. Control over such associations usually demands an ability to reverse the multivalent binding. While in principle this can be done with binding site competitive inhibitors, dissociation is difficult in practice due to limited site accessibility when the macromolecule is bound. We demonstrate here efficient binding reversal of multivalent linear copolymers that adhere to any mammalian cell via the universal mechanism based on choline phosphate (CP) groups binding to phosphatidyl choline (PC)-containing biomembranes. Using a smart linear polymer exhibiting a lower critical solution temperature (LCST), we take advantage of the thermal contraction of the polymer above the LCST, which reduces accessibility of the CP groups to cell membrane PC lipids. The polymer construct can then desorb from the cell surface, reversing all effects of multivalent polymer adhesion on the cell.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".