The Synthesis of Poly(arylene ether)s in Solution at Pilot-Plant Scale with Control over Molecular Weight and End-Group Composition
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The lab-scale optimization and pilot-plant-scale synthesis of a poly(aryl ether ketone) is reported. The polymer produced had the desired properties of low molecular weight ( M w = 14−15 kD, M n = 6.3−6.5 kD), reasonable polydispersity (PD = 2.37−2.39), and well-defined controlled end groups. This has been accomplished using a one-step solution polymerization of 4,4‘-difluorobenzophenone (DFBP), bisphenol A (BPA), and 4- tert -butylphenol (tBP). The presence or absence of a stoichiometric amount of tBP in the polymerization reaction dictated whether the obtained polymer possessed exclusively a halide or a tert -butylphenol terminus. Simple variation of the ratio of difluorobenzophenone to BPA controls the molecular weight of the obtained polymer without affecting the polydispersity. Several other factors were examined to completely optimize the polymerization process: the replacement of 4,4‘-difluorobenzophenone with 4,4‘-dichlorobenzophenone as a cost-saving measure, the effect of temperature, and the effect of the concentration of the reactants.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.002 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".