Effect of Cool Deformation in Low Carbon Microalloyed Steels
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Cool deformation refers to deformation at very low temperatures (close to the ‘coiling’ temperature) which has been found to increase the strength of Nb microalloyed steels. This paper discusses the microstructure changes and possible strengthening mechanisms associated with this technique. Low carbon microalloyed steel specimens were heated to temperatures of 1200 °C and held at temperature for 20 minutes. After this reheat, some specimens were aged at 400 °C for times ranging from 10 minutes to 10 hours followed by air cooling. Others were subjected to deformation at 400 °C (‘cool deformation’) prior to ageing. The mechanical properties of the heat treatment and cool deformed specimens were evaluated by shear punch tests at room temperature and precipitates were characterized by electron microscopy. By comparing the results of each series of tests, the influence of cool deformation is assessed.Le terme déformation fraiche (cool deformation) fait référence à une déformation performée à basses températures, soit près de la température de bobinage. Certains tests ont démontré que l’utilisation de cette technique augmente la force des aciers micro-alliés au Nb. Cet article étudie les changements de microstructure associés à déformation fraiche et ses mécanismes de renforcement possibles. Des échantillons d’acier bas carbone micro-alliés ont été chauffés et maintenus à 1200 °C pour 20 minutes. Après cette chauffe, certains échantillons ont été vieillis à 400 °C pour un laps de temps variant entre 10 minutes et 10 heures puis refroidis à l’air. D’autres échantillons ont été déformés à 400 °C (déformation fraiche) avant d’être vieillis. Des essais de cisaillement par poinçonnage (” shear punch test ») ont été utilisés pour évaluer les propriétés mécaniques des échantillons à température de la pièce. Les précipités formés lors du traitement thermique ont été observés par microscopie électronique. En comparant les résultats de chaque série de test, l’influence de déformation fraiche est évaluée
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".