Exit‐site and catheter‐related infections in peritoneal dialysis: Problems and progress
Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
SUMMARY: Silastic peritoneal catheters are used routinely for peritoneal access in peritoneal dialysis (PD) because they are biocompatible. Catheter insertions are usually succeeded by bacterial adhesion and subsequent colonization of the catheter exit site. Despite the reduction in the proportion of peritonitis due to touch contamination, exit‐site and catheter‐related infections, particularly those caused by Staphylococcus aureus , remain the major cause of catheter loss and technique failure in PD. The peritonitis rate in the global PD population is steadily declining, but as the number of patients on PD increases by about 10% per year the stakes in infection control become greater, and one is forced to consider new options that will reduce the PD patient drop‐out rate. Three areas of promising advances in the prevention of exit‐site and catheter‐related infections are reviewed in this paper: (i) the use of prophylactic antibiotics to eliminate the nasal carriage of Staph. aureus and to reduce exit‐site infections; (ii) the Moncrief–Popovich catheter and implantation technique which reduces bacterial colonization of the catheter exit tunnel; (iii) new catheter implants composed in part of rigid biomaterials with antibacterial properties. This last category includes the silver‐coated silastic PD catheter, significant not only because it has great potential as a replacement for the silastic catheter, but also because it is a reminder that caution must be exercised before fully embracing new treatment options.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it