Dual Polarization Interferometric Analysis on the Interaction between Fullerene Grafted Polymer and Nonionic Surfactants
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The interaction between polyelectrolyte grafted fullerenes and surfactants was elucidated using a dual polarization interferometer (DPI). The deposition of poly(2-(dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate) (PDMA(50)-b-C(60)) at pH 6 on the surface of silicon oxynitride induced by electrostatic interaction between charged PDMA segments and negatively charged surface revealed an adsorption thickness similar to the diameter of a fullerene molecule. A second deposition of poly(acrylic acid)-block-C(60) (PAA(83)-b-C(60)) on adsorbed PDMA(50)-b-C(60) at pH 6 was facilitated by electrostatic interaction between negatively and positively charged PAA and PDMA segments, respectively. A monolayer of PAA(83)-b-C(60) adsorbed on PDMA(50)-b-C(60) layer yielded a thickness twice the diameter of C(60) molecules. As a comparison, a two end-capped C(60)-PAA(83)-C(60) was examined, where the packing thickness and mass were smaller than the monocapped system due to steric hindrance effect of fullerene molecules. The adsorption of two nonionic surfactants (i.e., polyoxyethylene 9 lauryl ether (Brij 76) and octyl phenol ethoxylate (Triton X-100 or TX100)) on the adsorbed PDMA-C(60) layer was examined. Both Brij 76 and TX100 interacted with the PDMA-C(60) layer. For TX100, the interaction was promoted by pi-pi interaction between the C(60) headgroup and phenyl ring of the surfactant. Beyond the critical micellar concentration of TX100, the adsorption was greatly reduced. The concentration effect of first layer PDMA-C(60) was evaluated, where the PDMA-C(60) molecules adsorbed on the chip at higher density, resulting in a larger layer thickness. The densely packed fullerene headgroup hindered the penetration of TX100 aromatic ring into the first layer.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".