Fifty years of natural revegetation on a landslide in Franconia Notch, New Hampshire, U.S.A.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
We describe natural revegetation dynamics on landslides that occurred in 1948 and 1959 in Franconia Notch, New Hampshire, U.S.A. Analysis of aerial photographs from 1958, 1978, and 1996 indicate that the rate of revegetation of the landslide surface decreased over time, probably because of early saturation of easily colonized sites. In the 1948 landslide, we found that width and slope steepness within the landslide influenced the revegetation rate, while elevation did not. On the 1959 landslide, none of the tested factors were significantly correlated with vegetation recovery. Recolonization of narrow erosional zones tended to occur from the landslide edges inward; recolonization of wider erosional zones also occurred outward from islands of vegetation within the landslide. Floristic inventories were conducted in 1956 and 1996 using the point-centered quarter method and fixed plots of 1 m 2 and were processed using cluster analysis, resulting in a grouping of the 1956 and 1996 plots into four and five clusters, respectively. The 1956 clusters consisted of exclusively herbaceous vegetation (zones with greater erosion) or prevalently shrub-arboreal vegetation, with Betula cordifolia Regel. dominant at high elevation and Betula papyrifera Marsh. and Betula alleghaniensis Britton dominant at low to middle elevation. The 1996 vegetation was characterized by prevalence of arboreal canopy made up of differing proportions of birch species, which varied with elevation.Key words: disturbance, floristic composition, regeneration, recolonization, succession, White Mountain National Forest.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".