An ice-marginal <i>δ</i><sup>18</sup>O record from Barnes Ice Cap, Baffin Island, Canada
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Barnes Ice Cap, Baffin Island, Canada, is a remnant of the Laurentide ice sheet that separated from it about 8500 years ago. Owing to recession of the ice cap during the Holocene, Pleistocene-age ice is now exposed along the margin in a distinctive bubble-rich white band. δ18O variations across the white ice resemble those in Canadian Arctic ice cores, suggesting that Barnes Ice Cap preserves a climatic record through the last glacial period, possibly reaching back into the previous (Sangamon) interglacial. the δ18O shift at the Wisconsin–Holocene transition (15‰) exceeds that in other Canadian and Greenland records and cannot be explained solely in climatic terms. A steady-state model reconstruction of the Laurentide ice sheet during the Last Glacial Maximum suggests that Late-glacial strata in Barnes Ice Cap originated high up (>2400ma.s.l.) and far “inland” on the ice sheet, along a ridge that extended between the ancestral Foxe and Keewatin ice domes.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.003 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.004 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".