SIGNIFICANCE OF ATLANTIC STURGEON FEEDING EXCAVATIONS, MARY'S POINT, BAY OF FUNDY, NEW BRUNSWICK, CANADA
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract In this study we report on the occurrence and potential significance of Atlantic sturgeon (Acipenser oxyrhynchus) feeding traces observed in the Bay of Fundy in great abundance on the intertidal mud flats of Mary's Point, New Brunswick, Canada. The traces comprise a crescent-shaped impression and a plug-shaped excavation and are considered to be a modern analogue for the trace fossil Piscichnus. Local areas exhibit relatively great numbers of the feeding structure: the sediment in these zones contains bivalves (primarily Macoma balthica), worms (generally nereid polychaetes), and amphipods (Corophium volutator). Analysis of the feeding-trace distribution and orientation shows that activity is greatest within 500 m of mean high water and coincides with the highest population densities of amphipods (up to 30,000 individuals per m2). Where sturgeon feeding is most intense, voluminous quantities of clay and silt are redistributed. Within the study area, as much as 1,220 m3 of intertidal sediment is resuspended during the 6 summer weeks that mark peak sturgeon activity. The reworked sediment contributes to the extensive soupy substrate, which accumulates from suspension deposition of silts and minor amounts of clay during slack tide. Subsequent to their excavation, feeding depressions trap sediment. Thus, feeding by the Atlantic sturgeon locally represents an important erosional-depositional agent in the intertidal mud flat zone within Mary's Point.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".