Phase <scp>II</scp> trial of short‐course radiotherapy followed by delayed surgery for locoregionally advanced rectal cancer
Bibliographic record
Abstract
AIM: A prospective phase II study to investigate the feasibility and the rate of complete pathological response (ypT0) after short-course radiotherapy (SCRT) followed by surgery at 8 weeks. METHOD: Operable patients with localized rectal cancer staged T3-4N0/+ or T2N+ were eligible and received 25 Gy (in one-third of patients, the gross tumor volume received a simultaneous integrated boost up to a total of 30 Gy) in five consecutive fractions to the posterior pelvis followed by surgery 8 weeks later. Pathological response and surgical toxicity were assessed in all patients. RESULTS: Fifty-two patients (median age 68 years) completed the study. The median distance of the tumour from the anal verge was 6.5 cm. The median interval to surgery was 52 days. Three-quarters of patients underwent a low anterior resection. All underwent complete surgical resection and 100% had pathological negative margins. Ten per cent had stage ypT0 after radiotherapy. The median length of hospital stay was 8 days. Toxicity was comparable with the rates reported in the literature. CONCLUSION: In this study, SCRT followed by delayed surgery was feasible and had acceptable toxicity. All patients underwent complete surgical resection and 100% had negative pathological margins. The rate of ypT0 was 10%.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.004 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".