Oxidative Stress Increases the Number of Stress Granules in Senescent Cells and Triggers a Rapid Decrease in p21 Translation
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Very little is known as to how the accumulation of senescent cells during aging may affect our ability to cope with various stresses. Here we show that the assembly of stress granules (SGs) is part of the early events used by senescent cells to respond to certain stresses. Although SGs can form in response to stress during senescence activation, their number significantly increases once the cells are fully senescent. This increase correlates with a rapid decrease in the expression levels of the cyclin kinase inhibitor p21, an important activator of senescence. Throughout stress, p21 mRNA is stabilized and localizes to SGs, but only during late senescence does this localization interferes with its translation. Additionally, we observed that when the stress is relieved, senescent cells produce lower levels of p21 protein, which correlates with a small delay in SG disassembly. Therefore, our data suggest that SG formation and the reduction in p21 protein levels represent two main events by which senescent cells respond to stress.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".