Impacts of Injection Induced Fractures Propagation in CO2 Geological Sequestration – Is Fracturing Good or Bad for CO2 Sequestration
Bibliographic record
Abstract
In large-scale CO2 sequestration project the formation temperature decreases as huge amounts of relatively cool CO2 are injected. Injection induced fractures from injectors are facilitated as the critical pressure in the formation for fracturing is reduced by considerable thermo-elastic stress, which is proportional to the temperature difference between CO2 and reservoir. In this study, we analyze injection induced fracture growth and its impact on CO2 plume migration by a semi-analytical quasi-steady state model in the case that injection induced fractures are permitted by regulators. By parametric analysis with the model, geological properties and operating conditions are investigated to show their sensitivity on fracture growth and CO2 migration. This work provides analytical tools, which enable fast and simple screening of appropriate storage sites and of injection strategy, to predict fracturing and CO2 migration to avoid potential risks.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".