Magnetic resonance tracking of catheters and mechatronic devices operating in the vascular network with an embedded photovoltaic-based microelectronic circuit
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Tracking of a catheter through the arterial system is critical in several medical interventions. To avoid excessive dose of x-ray irradiation, Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) has been proposed. In such a case, a simple ferromagnetic sphere placed at the tip of the catheter could be used. However, due to the artifact created by the ferromagnetic core, it becomes impossible to gather an image of the tissues surrounding such a marker. Hence, in this paper we propose replacing the ferromagnetic marker with a microchip containing a coil and a photovoltaic cell. By radiating light to the photovoltaic cell, the coil generates a magnetic field which is detected as an artifact in MR images. By turning off the light, the effect of the coil is eliminated allowing images of tissues next to the marker to be taken. In this paper, simulated results based on experimental data from the preliminary designs suggest that this approach could be viable not only for catheters but also, it could potentially be used in various tools as well as mechatronic devices being moved inside the body.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".