Soil Properties along Cultivation and Fallow Time Sequences on Vertisols in Northeastern Mexico
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Rain‐fed agriculture in alternation with natural fallow is widespread in semiarid northeastern Mexico, but little information on changes in soil properties, soil degradation, and natural rehabilitation is available. The effects of rain‐fed agriculture and fallow on soil quality indicators on vertisols in a semiarid area near Linares, Nuevo León, were studied. One cultivated time sequence representing 3 to 30 yr of use and one fallow time sequence of 2 to 22 yr were selected. Fifty percent of soil organic carbon (SOC) and 56% of total nitrogen (TN) were lost during the first 4 yr of cultivation, but loss reached approximate equilibrium after 6 yr. The SOC showed 34% recovery and TN showed 62% recovery on sites abandoned for 22 yr. Despite this recovery after 22 yr of fallow, SOC and TN levels reached only 50% of those observed under native vegetation. Water‐stable macroaggregation declined by 14% under cultivation, but increased swiftly during fallow, showing no significant correlation with SOC. The levels of SOC and TN depletion under conventional rain‐fed agriculture observed are very difficult to mitigate by natural fallows in economically‐viable time periods. However, the precise impact of these changes on aggregation properties of these vertisols and the long‐term sustainability of present cultivation–fallow practices is not clear. Further research to determine the precise influence of individual soil organic constituents on physical properties of these vertisols is in progress.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".