Myeloperoxidase and superoxide dismutase polymorphisms are associated with an increased risk of developing pancreatic adenocarcinoma
Bibliographic record
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Pancreatic cancer risk has been linked to chronic pancreatitis and periodontitis, suggesting a role for inflammation in disease etiology. Myeloperoxidase (MPO) and superoxide dismutase (SOD2) are enzymes that regulate reactive oxygen species and contain recognized single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) that confer altered enzyme activity. METHODS: One hundred twenty-two patients with pancreatic cancer and 331 age- and sex-matched controls were analyzed for polymorphisms of the MPO - guanine 463 adenine (-G463A) and the SOD2 alanine (Ala)-to-valine (Val) polymorphism at codon 16 (Ala16Val) genes. Cases and controls were analyzed for associations between these polymorphisms, adjusting for sex, age, history of alcohol use and smoking history. RESULTS: The variant A allele of MPO -G463A was associated with a lower risk of pancreatic cancer (adjusted odds ratio [OR] for pancreatic cancer, 0.57; 95% confidence interval [95% CI], 0.4-0.9; P = .02). The SOD2 homozygous variant genotype (Val/Val) was associated with a greater risk of pancreatic cancer (adjusted OR, 1.96; 95% CI, 1.0-3.8; P = .04). Compared with individuals who carried both low-risk alleles (A/- and Ala/-), significantly more cases than controls carried both high-risk genotypes (G/G and Val/Val; adjusted OR, 4.31; 95% CI, 1.8-10; P = .001), or 1 high-risk genotype (adjusted OR, 1.96; 95% CI, 1.1-3.4; P = .01). CONCLUSIONS: Polymorphisms of the inflammatory pathway genes MPO -G463A and SOD2 Ala16Val are associated with elevated pancreatic cancer risk. Oxidative stress may play an important role in pancreatic cancer carcinogenesis.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".