Study on Removal of Organics of Different Molecular Weight by Coagulation-Membrane Filtration Process
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This paper compares the difference in membrane flux between direct membrane filtration and coagulation-membrane filtration, and investigates the removal of organics of different molecular weight by coagulation-membrane filtration process, in turn studies the fouling removal mechanism of coagulation process. The results indicate that for COD removal from raw water, coagulation is effective mainly on the organics of molecular weight higher than 10 kDa, and membrane filtration is effective mainly on the organics of molecular weight between 30 kDa and 100 kDa and higher than 100 kDa; as for UV254 removal, coagulation is effective mainly on the organics of high molecular weight, and membrane filtration is effective mainly on the organics of molecular weight between 1 kDa and 100 kDa. Therefore, it proves that the high molecular organics are mainly responsible for the membrane fouling.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".