Pregnancy-related lumbopelvic pain: Prevalence, persistence, risk factors and management implications
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Symphysis pubis dysfunction (SPD)/Pregnancy-related lumbopelvic pain (PLPP) is a common condition with a prevalence range of 14–85% ( Larsen et al, 1999 ; Orlikowski et al, 2006 ). In the literature, a number of terms and definitions have been employed by professionals from different countries to describe this condition. Women report a wide range of symptoms and there is a requirement for a careful assessment. The goal of this paper has been to raise awareness of the pain and activity limitations reported by some women during pregnancy and postpartum. The clinical presentation and women's experiences are described. The risk factors predisposing women to SPD/PLPP both during pregnancy and postpartum are presented. There is a requirement to meet the expectations of women with SPD/PLPP. Women need to be assessed, be able to tell their story, have the condition explained, and be involved in the management of their symptoms and activity limitations. Midwives play a key role in assessing for SPD/PLPP, so this paper proposes a five-step plan to guide midwives and doctors in the management of this condition.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".