The use/non-use of<i>ne</i>in the spoken French of university-level learners of French as a second language in the Canadian context
Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
ABSTRACT This paper presents the results of a sociolinguistic analysis of ne use/non-use in the spoken French of learners of French as a second language enrolled in their first or fourth year of undergraduate studies in a bilingual university in Ontario, Canada. Specifically, it examines the impact of various linguistic and extra-linguistic factors on the students’ use of the variants and compares the patterns found to previous research on ne use/non-use among Ontario high school FSL learners and on other sociolinguistic variables in the speech of the same university FSL learners under study here. The paper concludes that while many of the same influences are at work in the speech of both the university and high school learners, the precise influences appear to be modified with continued study and that many of these patterns are similar across variables within the university FSL learners’ speech.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.003 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it