BUCKLING AND WRINKLING OF A FUNCTIONALLY GRADED MATERIAL (FGM) THIN FILM
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The instability of a functionally graded material (FGM) strip as a free standing film or a substrate-bound film is studied in this work, in which the stiffness of the film is assumed to change exponentially along the length. The buckling load and the buckling mode shapes for the free standing FGM film are determined analytically. For the substrate-bound film, the substrate is modeled as a Winkler foundation and the wrinkling load and wrinkling pattern are determined numerically by using a finite difference method and a series solution. In contrast with the wrinkling of homogenous thin films in which the wrinkles propagate in the entire domain, the wrinkles of the FGM films accumulate around the location with the least bending rigidity. The results of this work show that the sensitivity of the wrinkle accumulation around the weak locations of the system with lower stiffness is very high. This work is expected to provide a better understanding for localization of wrinkles around a region of substrate-bounded thin films in thin film technology.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".