<i>trans</i>-Directing Ability of the Amide Group: Enabling the Enantiocontrol in the Synthesis of 1,1-Dicarboxy Cyclopropanes. Reaction Development, Scope, and Synthetic Applications
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
In this article, we describe our efforts toward the enantioselective formation of 1,1-cyclopropane diesters via the metal-catalyzed cyclopropanation of olefins. The strategies envisioned to achieve such a goal are discussed as well as the results that led us to the discovery of the powerful trans-directing ability of the amide group in Rh(II)-catalyzed cyclopropanation reactions. We show how this feature enables a solution for the stereoselective synthesis of 1,1-dicarboxy cyclopropane derivatives. The scope and limitations are discussed as well as the demonstration that these newly formed cyclopropanes display reactivity similar to that of 1,1-cyclopropane diesters. Conversely, 1,1-cyclopropane diesters could be accessed in two steps from commercially available alkenes. The potential utility of this methodology is illustrated by several functional group transformations and its use in the expedient stereoselective formal synthesis of (S)-(+)-curcumene, (S)-(+)-nuciferal, (S)-(+)-nuciferol, (+)-erogorgiaene, (+/-)-xanthorrhizol, and (+/-)-2-hydroxycalamenene.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it