P3‐148: Does a history of migraines increase the risk of Alzheimer's disease or vascular dementia?
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Dementia is the most co mmon neurological disease in older adults, while headaches are the most common neurological disorder across all ages. Migraines are a common form of headache disorders that affect millions of people worldwide. Both neurological disorders—dementia and migraines—cause significant impairment for the individual, as well as substantial economic impact on society. The relationship between migraines and dementia, including Alzheimer's disease (AD) and vascular dementia (VaD), has not yet been thoroughly explored. Analyses were based on 716 participants 65+ years from the Manitoba Study of Health and Aging in Canada. Participants screened cognitively intact at baseline, had complete data on migraine history and all covariates at baseline, and were assessed for cognitive outcomes five years later according to standard diagnostic criteria (dementia: DSM-IV; AD: NINCDS-ADRDA; VaD: NINDS-AIREN). The exposure (history of migraines), confounding (age, sex, education, depression) and intervening (hypertension, diabetes, stroke, myocardial infarction and other heart conditions) variables were based on self-report, and their association with dementia, AD and VaD was assessed using multiple logistic regression models. Individuals with a history of migraines were almost three times more likely (odds ratio [OR]=2.97; 95% CI=1.25–6.61) to develop dementia and approximately four times more likely (OR=4.22; 95% CI: 1.59–10.42) to develop AD compared to those without a history of migraines. A history of migraines was not significantly associated with VaD either before (OR=1.83; 95% CI: 0.39–8.52) or after (OR=1.52; 95% CI: 0.20–7.23) adjustment for confounding and intervening variables. Migraines are a significant risk factor for AD. In this study, the relationship between migraines and overall dementia was apparently driven by the strong relationship between migraines and AD. Despite the vascular mechanisms involved in migraine biology, a history of migraines was not a significant risk factor for VaD. Recognition of the long-term detrimental consequences of migraines for AD has implications for the importance of migraine prevention and management as well as for our understanding of AD etiology.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.006 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.007 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".