Injurious Falls Are Associated with Lower Household but Higher Recreational Physical Activities in Community-Dwelling Older Male Veterans
Bibliographic record
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Physical activity (PA) and exercise have numerous beneficial effects in older adults. The effect of sustaining an injury from a fall on subsequent PA levels has received little research attention, even though about a quarter of older adults who fall sustain a serious injury. Even less is known about the effect of injurious falls on different PA categorizations. OBJECTIVE: To examine the role of injurious falls on subsequent household and recreational PA levels in older community-dwelling males who were all Canadian veterans of World War II and the Korean War. METHODS: Data from a fall risk-factor modification trial were used for the present study. Falls and related injuries were ascertained prospectively using fall calendars. A brief, valid and reliable PA interview for older adults (Phone-FITT) measured household and recreational PA approximately 1 year later. Covariates were measured as part of the screening questionnaire administered at the start of the study. Multiple linear regression models were computed using household and recreational PA as dependent variables. RESULTS: The present study included 200 males with a mean age 81 years (SD = 3.8). Half of the participants fell at least once and about one third reported at least one injury resulting from a fall. Multivariable analyses indicated that household PA scores were 3.1 points lower (95% CI = -5.8 to -0.3, p = 0.03) and recreational PA scores were 3.4 points higher (95% CI = 0.1 to 6.7, p = 0.04) among persons who had one or more falls leading to injury compared to those who did not fall or had one or more falls without injury. Analyses were adjusted for age, baseline PA, self-rated health, foot problems, balance problems, inability to stand without using armrests, vision and memory. CONCLUSION: Categorization of PA type (household vs. recreational) suggests distinct differences in PA response following an injurious fall. Use of an overall PA measure would obscure this finding. Following further research, the results from this study may help in the design of preventive strategies to maximize physical activity in those who have sustained an injurious fall.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".